以电流通过导体所产生的焦耳热为热源的电炉。按电热产生方式，电阻炉分为直接加热和间接加热两种。在直接加热电阻炉中，电流直接通过物料，因电热功率集中在物料本身，所以物料加热很快，适用于要求快速加热的工艺，例如锻造坯料的加热。这种电阻炉可以把物料加热到很高的温度，例如碳素材料石墨化电炉，能把物料加热到超过2500℃。直接加热电阻炉可作成真空电阻加热炉或通保护气体电阻加热炉，在粉末冶金中，常用于烧结钨、钽、铌等制品。采用这种炉子加热时应注意：
An
electric furnace that uses the Joule heat generated by the current
passing through a conductor as the heat source. According to the method
of electric heating, resistance furnaces are divided into two types:
direct heating and indirect heating. In a direct heating resistance
furnace, the current flows directly through the material. As the
electric heating power is concentrated on the material itself, the
material is heated quickly, making it suitable for processes that
require rapid heating, such as the heating of forged billets. This type
of resistance furnace can heat materials to very high temperatures, such
as carbon material graphitization electric furnace, which can heat
materials to over 2500 ℃. Direct heating resistance furnace can be used
as a vacuum resistance heating furnace or a protective gas resistance
heating furnace. In powder metallurgy, it is commonly used for sintering
tungsten, tantalum, niobium and other products. When using this type of
furnace for heating, attention should be paid to:
工业电阻炉
Industrial resistance furnace
工业电阻炉
Industrial resistance furnace
①为使物料加热均匀，要求物料各部位的导电截面和电导率一致；
①
To ensure uniform heating of the material, it is required that the
conductive cross-section and conductivity of each part of the material
are consistent;
②由于物料自身电阻相当小，为达到所需的电热功率，工作电流相当大，因此送电电极和物料接触要好，以免起电弧烧损物料，而且送电母线的电阻要小，以减少电路损失；
②
Due to the relatively small resistance of the material itself, in order
to achieve the required electric heating power, the working current is
quite high. Therefore, the contact between the transmitting electrode
and the material is good to avoid arcing and burning the material. In
addition, the resistance of the transmitting busbar should be small to
reduce circuit losses;
